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Domains/URLs
A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) or Website domain name is the address of a specific Web site or file on the Internet.
When you go to a Web page, the URL of that page is everything that is showing up in the address window of your browser including the http:// and all that comes after it.
It cannot have spaces or certain other characters and uses forward slashes to denote different directories.
This is the name that identifies your Web site.
For example, Google.com is the domain name of Google's Web site.
A single Web server can serve Web sites for multiple domain names, but a single domain name can point to only one machine. For example, Apple Computer has Web sites at www.apple.com, www.info.apple.com, and store.apple.com. Each of these sites could be served on different machines.
Then there are domain names that have been registered, but are not connected to a Web server.
The most common reason for this is to have e-mail addresses at a certain domain name without having to maintain a Web site. In these cases, the domain name must be connected to a machine that is running a mail server.
An important feature of the URL is that each one is unique, thus preserving the integrity of the Internet. If anyone could call their own IP Address whatever URL (or domain name) they wanted then no one would be very much trust into the sites they were interacting with. A hacker could thus call his own address Microsoft.com or Cisco.com and steal important personal information as well as credit card data.
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